Aortic Aneurysm: Causes, Symptoms, and Advanced Treatment Options

An aortic aneurysm is a serious vascular condition where a section of the aorta—your body’s largest blood vessel—weakens and bulges outward. Because the aorta supplies oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the entire body, any structural damage can lead to life-threatening complications. With timely diagnosis and advanced treatment, however, most complications can be prevented, and long-term outcomes significantly improved.

Types of Aortic Aneurysms

• Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Develops in the portion of the aorta that runs through the abdomen. This is the most common type.
• Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): Occurs in the section of the aorta located in the chest.
• Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm: A combination of both abdominal and thoracic involvement.

What Causes an Aortic Aneurysm?

Although the exact cause may vary, the following factors significantly increase the risk:

• Smoking and long-term tobacco exposure.
• High blood pressure that weakens arterial walls.
• Atherosclerosis (plaque buildup).
• Genetic conditions such as Marfan or Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.
• Family history of aneurysms.
• Aging, especially in men over the age of 65.

Warning Signs and Symptoms

Aortic aneurysms often grow silently and may not cause symptoms until they are large or close to rupturing. When symptoms do occur, they may include:

• Pulsating sensation in the abdomen (common in AAA).
• Persistent or severe chest, back, or abdominal pain.
• Shortness of breath or difficulty swallowing (TAA).

A ruptured aneurysm causes sudden, intense pain, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention.

Why Early Detection Is Critical

Early screening helps detect aneurysms before they become life-threatening. Through advanced diagnostic tools such as ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI angiography, we can identify aneurysms early and plan appropriate treatment to prevent rupture.

Treatment Options

1. Monitoring & Medical Management

• Regular imaging to monitor aneurysm size and growth.
• Medications to control blood pressure and reduce strain on the aorta.
• Lifestyle changes including smoking cessation and cholesterol control.

2. Minimally Invasive Endovascular Repair (EVAR/TEVAR)

• A stent graft is inserted through a small incision in the groin to reinforce the weakened portion of the aorta.
• Faster recovery, less pain, and reduced hospital stay compared to open surgery.

3. Open Surgical Repair

• Recommended for large or complex aneurysms, or when endovascular repair is not suitable.
• The damaged portion of the aorta is replaced with a synthetic graft for long-term durability.

Take Control of Your Vascular Health

If you're over 65, have a history of smoking, or have a family history of aneurysms, it’s important to undergo regular screening. With expert care, early detection, and state-of-the-art treatment, you can significantly reduce your risk of complications and protect your overall health.

Our vascular specialist provides compassionate, advanced care to ensure your aorta—and your health—remains strong for years to come. Book a consultation today for a detailed evaluation and personalised treatment plan.